Austrian Physicist Lise Meitner was born #OTD in 1878. She was the first to pinpoint the atomic phenomenon now known as the Auger effect, but it was credited to Pierre Auger who independently discovered it months after her. Years later when she made a breakthrough in identifying and understanding nuclear fission, her findings were published only under the name of her collaborator, Otto Hahn, who later also received the Nobel Prize for this discovery. via @IAEA
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Although we've mentioned this before, it's grim news that bears repeating. Global heating caused by human industry is melting glaciers and sea ice all around the world — but nowhere more dramatically than on and near Antarctica.
Sea ice that covers the ocean around Antarctica hit a record low surface area in the winter, a preliminary analysis of US satellite data shows, and scientists fear the impact of climate change is increasing at the southern pole.
“This is the lowest sea ice maximum in the 1979 to 2023 sea ice record by a wide margin,” said the NSIDC, a government-supported programme at the University of Colorado at Boulder.
At one point this year, sea ice had dropped to 1.03 million sq km, far smaller than the previous record low and an area of loss roughly the size of Texas and California combined.
“It’s a record-smashing sea ice low in the Antarctic,” NSIDC scientist Walt Meier said in comments published by NASA.
The excerpt above is from a news story published at Al Jazeera.
Over at Medium, an article by Ricky Lanusse goes into more depth on the subject, and concludes with this heartfelt lament...
It’s been 33 years since the first IPCC report on climate change. Three-plus decades of climate negotiations and disappointment: emissions soaring, climate denial, on-paper optimism, and ‘net zero, but not in my term’ speeches.
Now, the northern summer of 2023 is officially the hottest on record, pushing global sea temperatures to record highs and disrupting ocean ecosystems. Over 3.8 billion people — almost half the world — felt the wrath of human-induced extreme heat between June and August.
You don’t grab buckets or towels when your bathtub overflows, ignoring or denying the problem. You turn off the tap. Climate change isn’t a future problem; it’s here. And you might think it won’t affect you, but as temperatures climb, more will face such dire choices. The question is not if but when.
Antarctica’s struggle isn’t a far-off concern; it’s a glaring reminder that climate change is here and spares no place on Earth.
Stevia, a zero-calorie sugar substitute, is recognized as safe by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). In vitro and in vivo studies showed that stevia has antiglycemic action and antioxidant effects in adipose tissue and the vascular wall, reduces blood pressure levels and hepatic steatosis, stabilizes the atherosclerotic plaque, and ameliorates liver and kidney damage. The metabolism of steviol glycosides is dependent upon gut microbiota, which breaks down glycosides into steviol that can be absorbed by the host. In this review, we elucidated the effects of stevia’s consumption on the host’s gut microbiota. #Stevia#kombucha#ikombucha_ro#ikombucha https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/10/4/744/htm
I have IBS and sugar makes it act up. I use stevia extract as a substitute in products, and I AM constantly working on improving my gut biome health. This was a dense but good read.
Stevia is considered a "natural non-caloric sweetener." Saccharin and sucralose are considered "non-nutritive sweeteners" (few or no calories). Aspartame is a "nutritive sweetener" (adds some calories but far less than sugar).
Aspartame comes with a warning to be used cautiously (or not at all) by people with a rare genetic disease (called phenylketonuria, or PKU) because they have trouble metabolizing it; that's not true for the other sweeteners. And all four vary on their level of sweetness and aftertaste, which is likely why people often prefer one over another. #Stevia#kombucha#ikombucha_ro#ikombucha https://www.health.harvard.edu/blog/sweeteners-time-to-rethink-your-choices-2019022215967
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So here's the deal: We currently have 2,522 (and counting) followers on Twitter, and we want to exceed that on Mastodon before our Editor-in-Chief @alexip718 heads to Colorado for ScienceWriters23 conference in one month. Can you help us get there?
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If the #science community truly wants to make our work more accessible to policymakers & the public + increase support for & trust in our research, we shouldn't publish our work behind ridiculously expensive paywalls that very few people can access.
@Sheril Starting this year, people who get research grants from NASA are required to publish in open-access journals or provide their manuscripts openly through preprint servers. I think other funding agencies in the USA and other countries are adding similar requirements.
He was the first person to discover evidence of radioactivity. For work in this field he, along with Marie Skłodowska-Curie and Pierre Curie, received the 1903 Nobel Prize in Physics, for the discovery of spontaneous radioactivity. The SI unit for radioactivity, the becquerel (Bq), is named after him. via @wikipedia
Hi, I'm not quite sure if this vhdl code and testbench is correct for the given task. Can you take a look?
Design a one-hour kitchen timer. The device should have buttons/switches to start and stop the timer, as well as to set the desired time interval for the alarm. Realize the task using the software package Quartus or in GHDL, confirm the correctness of the project task by simulation.
This is VHDL code:
use ieee.std_logic_1164.all;
use ieee.numeric_std.all;
entity Kitchen_Timer is
port (
clk : in std_logic; -- Clock input
reset : in std_logic; -- Reset input
start : in std_logic; -- Start button input
stop : in std_logic; -- Stop button input
alarm : out std_logic -- Alarm output
);
end entity Kitchen_Timer;
-- Declare the architecture for the kitchen timer
architecture Behavioral of Kitchen_Timer is
signal count : integer range 0 to 3600 := 0; -- Counter for timer
signal alarming : std_logic := '0'; -- Signal to indicate alarming interval
signal alarm_en : std_logic := '0'; -- Signal to enable alarming interval
signal alarm_cnt : integer range 0 to 600 := 0; -- Counter for alarming interval
begin
-- Process to control the kitchen timer and alarming interval
process (clk, reset)
begin
if (reset = '1') then
count <= 0;
alarming <= '0';
alarm_en <= '0';
alarm_cnt <= 0;
elsif (rising_edge(clk)) then
if (stop = '1') then
count <= 0;
alarming <= '0';
alarm_en <= '0';
alarm_cnt <= 0;
elsif (start = '1' and count < 3600) then
count <= count + 1;
if (count = 3600) then
count <= 0;
alarming <= '0';
alarm_en <= '0';
alarm_cnt <= 0;
elsif (count > 0) then
alarm_en <= '1';
end if;
end if;
if (alarm_en = '1') then
if (alarm_cnt < 600) then
alarm_cnt <= alarm_cnt + 1;
else
alarm_cnt <= 0;
alarming <= '1';
end if;
end if;
end if;
end process;
-- Assign the alarm output
alarm <= alarming;
end architecture Behavioral; ```
This is Testbench:
```library ieee;
use ieee.std_logic_1164.all;
entity tb_Kitchen_Timer is
end tb_Kitchen_Timer;
architecture tb of tb_Kitchen_Timer is
component Kitchen_Timer
port (clk : in std_logic;
reset : in std_logic;
start : in std_logic;
stop : in std_logic;
alarm : out std_logic);
end component;
signal clk : std_logic;
signal reset : std_logic;
signal start : std_logic;
signal stop : std_logic;
signal alarm : std_logic;
constant TbPeriod : time := 1000 ns; -- EDIT Put right period here
signal TbClock : std_logic := '0';
signal TbSimEnded : std_logic := '0';
begin
dut : Kitchen_Timer
port map (clk => clk,
reset => reset,
start => start,
stop => stop,
alarm => alarm);
-- Clock generation
TbClock <= not TbClock after TbPeriod/2 when TbSimEnded /= '1' else '0';
-- EDIT: Check that clk is really your main clock signal
clk <= TbClock;
stimuli : process
begin
-- EDIT Adapt initialization as needed
start <= '0';
stop <= '0';
-- Reset generation
-- EDIT: Check that reset is really your reset signal
reset <= '1';
wait for 100 ns;
reset <= '0';
wait for 100 ns;
-- EDIT Add stimuli here
wait for 100 * TbPeriod;
-- Stop the clock and hence terminate the simulation
TbSimEnded <= '1';
wait;
end process;
end tb;
-- Configuration block below is required by some simulators. Usually no need to edit.
configuration cfg_tb_Kitchen_Timer of tb_Kitchen_Timer is
for tb
end for;
end cfg_tb_Kitchen_Timer;```
#science
can you send me the code with the modifications so that I know what exactly you mean?
I would rather not, as it isn't a good learning experience for you, and would require some time for me to write the code.
Though if you have any questions about my previous answer, feel free to ask me about it.
As a freebie for you, pay attention to the alarming signal, and the condition that has been set: "The device should have buttons/switches to start and stop the timer, as well as to set the desired time interval for the alarm.". If I wanted the alarm to ring after 50 minutes, how would I do that? And what happens when the timer starts?
From the code I see here, the alarm is going to ring 10 minutes after being started, and it won't stop until an hour passes. And it has no way to set a time for it to ring, it always rings after 10 minutes.
And, not only that, the start signal is never set in the testbench, so the timer is never going to begin.
What do you think about the specifications that the project requires, should I stick to your code or should I add something from my own code?
I would stick to my code, your alarm isn't going to work properly due to its comparisons as I mentioned in my previous comments. But if you want to improve the code I modified, you can change the adjust_interval_up and adjust_interval_down buttons to be synchronized to their own states rather than the clock (make their own process with their signals added to the signal sensitivity list and add an extra asynchronous condition to zero the counter on the original process). If you don't make a change like this your alarm is going to take up to an hour to adjust its timer range.
Does your simulation correspond to a time of 1 hour and should there be alarming on the simulation?
Yes, if you have a 1/60 Hertz clock signal. And you must have alarming on the simulation as it is crucial to show that it works.